August in the garden is truly spectacular. If you are a lover of tender or summer flowering bulbs then you can join me in the bittersweet joy of August. Along with all the other showy annuals we may have growing it is the exotic plants that are show stopping at this time of year. Unfortunately, especially as we have just had a couple of nights which got down to 3 or 4 C, it is with heavy heart I accept autumn is just around the corner.
Tender summer flowering bulbs are native to the tropical and sub-tropical regions and thus need some special care as autumn approaches. Tender bulbs are those plants that have fleshy storage structures (bulbs, corms, tubers and roots) that will meet their demise over winter if they are not brought indoors out of the extremely cold winter temperatures. It is important to dig up these structures and bring them into a warmer area for storage throughout the winter.
For most of the plants that we may grow it is best that they be lifted after the foliage is killed by frost or have dried up. However, if we get really cold temperatures with our first frost then it is important to dig them before the mercury dips in order to preserve the integrity of the bulb. Dig the bulb structures carefully to ensure they are not damaged. Loosen the soil on all sides of the plant before lifting the clump of roots and soil without damage. Cuts or other damage will allow disease organisms to enter, which is not advisable for good storage.
Most bulbs are best dried with the soil still adhered, but if you are storing dahlia or canna bulbs it is advisable to gently wash the soil away from the root tissue. Gladiolas are a special condition in that they should not be washed but allowed to dry thoroughly before gently removing any soil that is adhering.
Most bulbs will need a curing period before storage. Begonias, dahlias, cannas, callas and caladium need a short period of drying for one to three days in a room that is away from direct sunlight and winds that are drying. Gladiolas and oxalis will need about three weeks of drying at just under room temperature in a dry but well ventilated area. Ensure you examine all tissues and those that are infested or soft should likely be discarded.
It is important to label all stored plant material to ensure there is no confusion in spring. I personally like using paper bags for storage as labels are easily written on the outside. Check regularly for any rotting or other damage throughout the storage period.
Acidanthera spp. is a corm and should be stored at around 1.6 to 4.4 C.
Begonia x tuberhybrida is a tuberous root and should be stored at 10 C. Store in sphagnum peat moss or vermiculite.
Caladium bicolor is a tuber and should be stored at about 10 C. Cure with remaining foliage and store in peat or vermiculite.
Zantedeschia spp. or calla lily is as rhizome and should be stored at about 10 C. If possible let foliage dry off a few days before digging. Store is sphagnum, peat or vermiculate.
Canna x generalis is a rhizome and should be stored between 4.4 to 10 C. Dig after frost has damaged foliage and plant has dried a few days after digging.
Dahlia hybrids are a tuberous root and should be stored between 4.4 to 10 C. Cure in high humidity and pack roots in sphagnum to avoid desiccation.
Gladiolus hybrids are a corm and should be stored between 1.6 to 4.4 C. Cure two to three weeks prior to storage.
— Hanbidge is a horticulturist with the Saskatoon School of Horticulture and can be reached at 306-931-GROW(4769); by email at growyourfuture@gmail.com; facebook: @schoolofhort; twitter: @hortiuclturepat; instagram: patyplant or check out our website at saskhort.com.
